Surely, the similitude of Jesus before is as that of Adam: He created him from dust, then said to him "Be" and he was. Aali ‘Imran (3):59

O People of the Book! Why do you dispute about Abraham, when the Torah and the Gospel were not revealed until after him? Have you no understanding? Aali ‘Imran (3):67

IBADAH: Acts of worship and adoration in utmost submission and obedience and with utmost love to Allah Ta’ala. In other words, a term that indicates all that pleases Allah, including sayings and actions of the heart or limbs. Love, fear, reverence, desire (hope), trust and sincerity are some forms of worship from within the heart. Prayers, attending to someone’s needs, invocation, supplication and sacrifices are some forms of worship of limbs. Ibadah is to worship Allah as He wishes to be worshipped. See Arkan.

IBLIS: The Jinn who disobeyed Allah Ta’ala and was expelled from His mercy. It was Iblis who tempted Adam and his wife Hawwa (Eve), peace be on them, to approach the forbidden tree. He is also known as Shaitan (Satan). See Shaitan. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):130, 135. Surah 19 of the Holy Qur’an.

IIDDAT: Also spelled as ‘Iddat. A limited period of waiting after divorce and before re-marriage prescribed by Islamic law, so as to avoid any confusion regarding the paternity of any child born after the new marriage. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):231-235, At-Talaq (6 5):4-7.

IDHIKHIR: A special type of pleasant- scented grass found in the Hijaz area of Saudi Arabia. Also known as Adhkar.

IIDRIS, PEACE BE ON HIM: Enoch, A prophet of Islam and a man of truth and wisdom. See Holy Qur’an, Maryan (19):56-57, Al-Anbiyah (21):85.

IFRAD (HAJJ AL): "Single Hajj". Performance of Hajj without doing Umra. See Hajj.

IFREET: Usually spelled as ‘Ifreet. An evil Jinn. He is large, powerful and very crafty. Plural: ‘Afreet. See Holy Qur’an, An-Naml (27):39.

IFTAR: Breaking of the fast immediately after sunset. Iftar takes place at Maghreb as soon as the Adhan is called.

IHRAM: (1). The state in which one is prohibited from doing certain things which are lawful at other times. Umra and Hajj are performed in such a state. (2). When one assumes such a state one must declare mentally and orally that he or she is assuming such a state for the purpose of Umra or Hajj. Then one must recite the Talbiyah. See Talbiyah. (3). Dress: Men. It consists of two pieces of unstitched cloth: i). Rida - worn around the upper part of the body. ii). Izar- Worn below the waist. b). Women. Any full length dress which covers the entire body except for the hands and face, and is inconspicuous, i.e. it does not attract attention in any way whatsoever (tight, colorful, etc.). (4). Behavior: Both men and women are not permitted to trim their hair or nails, wear perfume, harm or kill any living thing, including insects, or damage any plant or tree. They should avoid argument and loss of temper. Sexual intercourse between spouses is also not permitted.

IHSAN: Highest level of obedience in worship, i.e. to be aware of and sincere to Allah Ta’ala and to be eager to do all good deeds. It is to worship Allah as if you see Him, knowing that, although you do not see Him, Allah sees you.

‘IJMA: Consensus. What all the Ulamaa (the people of knowledge) from among the Muslims are agreed upon.

‘IJTIHAD: To exercise personal judgment based on the Qur’an and the Sunnah. See Qiyaas.

IKHLAS (AL): "The Complete Faith". Surah 112 of the Holy Qur’an. Sincerity of the heart in worship and purity of intention.For any worship to be accepted by Allah it must be entirely for His sake, and not for other-than-Him.

ILAA: The path taken by a husband that he will not have sexual relations with his wife for a certain period of time. If this continues for longer than four months, then it is considered a divorce.

ILHAD: Atheism. Derived from Ilhahd which means deviation. It includes: Comparing Allah to anything, or any of His Attributes to those of His Creation. Denying any of Allah’s Attributes or altering their true meanings. Using Allah’s Names to describe anything in His Creation. To label Him with a name with which He has not named Himself. e.g. "Father". To attribute any deficiencies to Him. The person who practices Ilhad is called Mulhid. See Mulhid.

ILLYOUN: A place in Jannah (Paradise). Literally means "High places", but its exact nature is known only to Allah Ta’ala. All we know about it is that it is where the record of the righteous is kept. In contrast, the record of the evil-doers is kept in Sijjin. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Mutafifeen (83):18-21.

ILM: Usually spelled as ‘Ilm. Knowledge.

ILM ‘LLAH: Knowledge of Allah Ta’ala. No created being has any knowledge except what Allah permits him to know. Therefore, all that man possesses is a gift from Allah, but most of mankind and the Jinn are unthankful. However much you know, you only know a little.

ILYAS, PEACE BE ON HIM: Elijah. A prophet of Islam. See Holy Qur’an, Al-An’am (6):85, ‘As-Saffat (37):123-132.

IMAM: A person who leads the prayer. A Muslim Khalifah. A famous Muslim scholar in Fiqh.

IMAMUL MURSALEEN: The leader of all the messengers. One of the titles of the Holy prophet Muhammad, may the blessing and peace of Allah be on him and them.

IMAN: Trust, faith and acceptance. Having faith and believing in: Allah Ta’ala. To affirm with the tongue, believe in the heart and confirm through action the following: a). His Existence b). his Lordship c). His Worship d). His names and Attributes.

Belief in His angels. Belief in His revealed Books. Belief in His messengers, without making any distinction between them. Belief in the last Hour and the judgment and the Fire and the Garden. Belief in the Divine decrees of Allah Ta’ala, both the good and the evil. See Holy Qur’an, al-Baqara (2):285.

IMLAS: See Aali ‘Imran.

IMSAAK: Start of the fasting time. Imsaak begins when the first light of dawn becomes visible, at Fajr when the Adhan is called.

INGEEL: This is mistakenly understood, by some, to be The New Testament that the Nasara (Christian) have today. The Ingeel that is referred to in the Holy Qur’an is the original scripture that was revealed to the Prophet Isa (Jesus), peace be on him, by Allah through the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel), peace be on him, and not the New Testament which was written by Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Paul, and others.

INS WAL JINN: Mankind and Jinn. See Jinn.

INSAN (AL): "Human". Another name for Ad-Dhar. Surah 76 of the Holy Qur’an.

INSHA-ALLAH: "If Allah wills". It is forbidden to say "I will do such and such tomorrow," without saying afterwards, "Insha-Allah".

INSHIQAQ (AL): "Reading Asunder". Surah 84 of the Holy Qur’an.

INSHIRAH (AL): "The Expanding". Surah 94 of the Holy Qur’an.

IQAMA: The call which announces to the congregation that the obligatory prayer is just about to begin. The statements are the same as the Adhan, but in a shortened form, such that if a statement is repeated four times during the Adhan, then it is repeated twice during the Iqama.

IQAMAT AS-SALAT: Performing the Salat in a perfect manner. This is understood by most Muslims as having only one meaning, but it has two: 1). Performing the prayer in exactly the same manner as the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray. Sahi Bukhari, Hadith 737, Vol. 1. 2). Establishing the prayer. Every person in a Muslim society who is seven years or more must pray - women in their house and men in the Masjid (mosques). Every head, be he head of the family or chief of the town, will be held responsible for the missed prayers of those under him, as well as his own.

IQRAA: "Read". Another name for Suratul Al-’Alaq. Surah 96 of the Holy Qur’an.

IRAAD (KUFR AL): A major act of Kufr. Knowingly turning away from and rejecting or covering up the Divine Truth. See Kufr.

IRAM: Capital city of the ancient people of ‘Ad in the Yemen. It was famous for its lofty pillars. Some scholars say Iram was a hero of the people of ‘Ad who built a lofty statues of him. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Fajr (89):6-8.

ISA, PEACE BE UPON HIM: One of the greatest prophets and messengers of Islam. He is also known as Isa ibn Mariam (Jesus, Son of Mary) ad isa al-Maseeh (Jesus the Messiah, Jesus Christ). The Jews and the Christian have both blasphemed against the Prophet Isa, peace be on him. The jews reject him completely, while the Christians have elevated him to the level of Allah and or Son of Allah. The concept of such divinity is rejected in the Bible by the Prophet Isa himself (in parts of the Bible which have not yet been altered)

1). According to 1 Timothy 2:5, There is One God, and one mediator between God and men, the ‘MAN’ Christ Jesus." Notice the words "man" and "mediator". Are the Christians trying to say that Allah is the mediator and that the Bible is wrong? Do they not realize that Allah is so supreme in glory that He does not mediate? Ask the Christian how else they can explain this verse. Warn them that Allah’s wrath will be on those who knowingly hide or void the Divine Truth. 2). According to Matthew 24:36, Jesus, peace be on him, has no knowledge of the time of the Hour. Are the Christians trying to say that Allah lacks knowledge. 3).According to Matthew 14:23, Jesus, peace be on him, went into hills to pray. Are the Christians trying to say that Allah needs to pray, and if so, then to whom? 4). "But in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men." Matthew 15:9. Isa himself confirmed the prophecy of Isaiah that the people would worship him in vain and believe in doctrines made by men. The truth is that Jesus, peace be on him, spoke the truth, but it is the Christian who, in his name, have invented lies against him. Allah is one. He did not beget nor was He begotten.

ISHA: Night. The fifth and last Fard Salat (Prayer). It's time starts about one and a half hours after sunset, when the redness has disappeared from the night sky and the stars have appeared, and ends a little before dawn.

ISHAQ, PEACE BE UPON HIM: Isaac. A prophet of Islam. He was the second son of the Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), peace be on him. He was thirteen years younger than his brother, Prophet Ismael (Ishmael), peace be on him. Mary, mother of Jesus, peace be on them, was a descendant from Ishaq. See Holy Qur’an, al-An’am (6):84, As-Saffat (37):112-113.

ISHTIMAAL AS-SAMMA’: Wearing of clothes in two ways: 1). covering one shoulder and leaving the other bare. 2). Wrapping oneself (white sitting) in such a way that one’s garment do not entirely hide the private parts.

ISLAM: Literally means "Submission to the will of Allah." It is for this reason that Allah Himself names His life transaction "al-Islam" and described all the followers of this way of life, in every age, as "Muslim". The life transaction of Allah has five pillars , all of which must be strictly adhered to in word, deed and sincere belief. The five pillars of Islam are as follows:

1). Shahadatain. Bearing witness. All Muslims must believe in and utter Shahadatain. First Shahada: Ash-hadu an la ilaha illa l’lah. (I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah.) Second Shahadah: Ash-hadu anna Muhammad Rasoolullah. (I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.) 2). Salat. Prayers. To do all the five compulsory daily prayers regularly in the exact manner as was practiced by the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. 3). Seeam. Fasting also spelled as Saum. To fast in the Month of Ramadan. 4). Zakat. Wealth tax. To pay 2.5 of one’s yearly savings above a certain amount to the poor and needy Muslims. the Zakat is compulsory on all Muslims who have saved (at least) the equivalent of 85g of 24 carat gold at the time when the annual Zakat payment is due. Zakat payment is due. Zakat refer to the relevant books written on the subject. 5). Hajj. Pilgrimage. To perform the pilgrimage to the Holy City of Makkah at least once in one’s lifetime (if one is able to afford it). See Holy Qur’an, Al-Maidah (5):3.

ISMAEL, PEACE BE ON HIM: Ishmael. A prophet of Islam. The first son of Ibrahim (Abraham), peace on him, thirteen years older than his brother, the Prophet Ishaq (Isaac), peace be on him. It was through the lineage of Ismael that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was born. He helped his father Ibrahim to raise the foundations of the Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):125-129, Maryam (19):54-55.

ISRA (AL): "The night Journey". Another name for Bani Israel. Surah 17 of the Holy Qur’an.

ISTIGHFAR: Seeking Allah Ta’ala's forgiveness for one’s own misdeeds, and his protection from the misdeeds of others.

ISTIKHARA: Asking Allah the Almighty to guide one to the right decision and action regarding a particular problem. The Istikhara Salat consist of two Rak’as. A special invocation See Sahi Bukhari, Hadith 263, Vol.2.

ISTINJA: Cleaning the privates parts after urinating or passing stool, preferably using water.

ISTISQA: Invoking Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala for rain at the time of a drought. The Istisqa Salat consist of two Rak’as. See Bukhari, Hadith 119, Vol. 2.

ITABAA (TAWHEED AL): 1). Unity in following the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. To believe in and a recite the words "Ashadu anna Muhammadar Rasoolullah" (I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah) and to follow the way of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, as much as one is able, in life and worship. 2). Full belief in any matter proven to be authentic about the Holy Prophet Muhammad. 3). Obedience and following. 4). To give priority to the Sunnah above any other way of life. See Tawheed.

‘ITIKAF: Usually spelled as ‘Itikaf. Being secluded in a Masjid while fasting for the sole purpose of worshipping Allah. The person who is in the state of ‘Itikaf must not leave the Masjid unless it is absolutely necessary, e.g. answering the call of nature or to alleviate the problems and burdens of a fellow Muslim. There are two types of ‘Itikaf:

1). Fard. Compulsory when one promises Allah to do ‘Itika if Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala answers his invocation, e.g."I promise to do ‘Itikaf for seven days if my son is cured." If Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala answers his du’a, then the ‘Itikaf of seven days becomes a Fard. 2). Sunnah. Voluntary. Voluntary practice. Following the tradition of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and doing the ‘Itikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan. See Bukhari, Hadith 242, Vol.3.

IZAR: A cloth worn by men (below the waist).

Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, related that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "When Allah wants to favour somebody, He tries him by placing him under some hardships." Saheeh Bukhari.

Abu Ruqayya, may Allah be pleased with him, related that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "Religion is sincerity". We said, "To whom?" "To Allah and His Book and His Messenger and to the Leaders of the Muslims and their common folk." Saheeh Muslim.

Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, related that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "Allah Ta’ala said: ‘O my servants, I have forbidden oppression for Myself and have made it forbidden amongst you, so do not oppress one another." Saheeh Muslim.

The Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: " Everyone starts his day and is a vendor of his soul, either freeing it or bringing about its ruin." Saheeh Muslim.

JA’ALA: "He made". Has a different meaning to "Khalaqa" (see Khaliq, Ja’ala implies "turn into", for example: 1). "Who has made the earth your couch... "Surah Al-Baqara (2):22). 2). "Make me a good Muslim and at death count me among the believers."

JAHANNAM: Most commonly understood to mean Hell. In fact, it is one of the levels of Hell. The are seven levels of Hellfire.

1). Jaheem - the shallowest level of Hell. It is reserved for those who believed in Allah and His messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, but who ignored His commands. 2). Jahannam - a deeper level where the idol-worshippers are to be sent on the Day of Judgment. 3). Sa’ir - is reserved for the worshippers of fire. 4). Saqar - this is where those who did not believe in Allah will be sent on the Day of Judgment. 5). Ladha - will be the home of Jews. 6). Hawiyah - will be the abode of the Christians. 7). Hutama - the deepest level of Hellfire. This is where the religious hypocrites will spend eternity. The worst of Allah’s creation are the Munafiqeen (Hyprocrites), whether they be mankind or jinn, for they outwardly appear to accept, but inwardly reject, Allah and His Messenger.

JAHEEM: The shallowest level of the Nar. It is reserved for those who believed in Allah and His Messenger Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, but who ignored His commands. See Jahannam.

JAHILIYAH: "Ignorance". This involves relying on what is other than the truth. This is why the age or period prior to the advent of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is called Jahiliyah. Many people believed, for example, in Allah, but tried to attain His pleasure through worshipping another medium such as a stone, fire, man, wood, animal, etc., rather than following His guidance which had been revealed to the earlier messengers. The age of Jahiliyah ‘ended’ when the Final Revelation, the Holy Qur’an, was revealed to mankind and the Jinn. However,it still exists wherever this last message from God has not reached. Any deviation from the True Path is no longer considered as Jahiliyah, but as Kufr, for the truth has been distinguished from falsehood.

JAHRI: Loud recitation of the Holy Qur’an during Salaat.

JALUT: Goliath. A giant and a commander who led a large army against a small, but very dedicated army under Talut (Saul). Dawood (David), peace be on him), still young boy then, killed Jalut, thus causing a major defeat to the enemies of Allah. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):249-252.

JAM’: Al-Muzdalifa.

JAMAHA: To be uncontrollable.

JAME’: Joining two Fard (compulsory) prayers, by praying one immediately after the other, in one space of time. Under certain circumtances (for example, when a person is travelling), it is permitted to join the Fard (compulsory) prayers together:

1). The Fajr prayer (the first compulsory prayer of the day) is not combined with any other prayer. 2). The Duhr and ‘Asr prayers (the second and third compulsory prayers of the day) may, under certain circumstances, be combined. 3). The Magreb and Isha prayers (the fourth and fifth compulsory prayers of the day) may also, under certain circumstances, be combined. 4). Call only one Adhan, but two Iqamat as-Salat (one for each Salat). 5). The Duhr, ‘Asr and Isha prayers are reduced from four to two Rak’at each when doing traveling prayers during a journey which is longer than 48 miles. This reduction does not occur if the prayers are joined due to extremely bad weather. Jame’ comes in two forms: 1). Jame’ Taqdeem - early combination: Praying the Duhr and ‘Asr prayers during the time of Duhr. In this case, the Duhr Salat is performed first, then the ‘Asr Salat. Praying the Magreb and Isha prayers during the time of Magreb. In this case, the Magreb Salat is performed first, then the Isha Salat. 2). Jame’ Takheer - Delayed combination: Praying the Duhr and ‘Asr prayers during the time of ‘Asr. The Duhr Salat is performed first, then the ‘Asr Salat. Praying the Magreb and Isha prayers during the time of Isha. The Magreb Salat is performed first, then the Isha Salat.

JAMRA: White hot coal. The term used to describe the three pillars built of stone at Mina. Plural: Jimar.

JAMRAT AL’AQABA: One of the three stone pillars at Mina. One of the rites of Hajj is to throw pebbles at these stone pillars, which represent Shaitan (Satan). Plural:Jimar.

JANNAH: Also spelled as Janna. Paradise. A created abode in the Hereafter for those who believe in unity of Allah and in all His Prophet and Messengers, and follow their way of life. Jannah has eight gates around it and each of these eight gates has eleven doors. The names of eight gates are:

1). Bab al-Iman. 2). Bab al-Jihad. 3). Bab-al-Kadhemean al-gaidh. 4). Bab-ar-Raiyan. 5). Bab-ar-Radiyeen. 6). Bab as-Sadaqa. 7). Bab-at-Taubah. 8). Bab-at-Salat. Jannah has not been guaranteed to any human being or Jinn with the exception of the messenger of Allah before their deaths, other than the following ten men.

1). Abu Bakr as-Siddiq. 2). Umar ibn al-Khattab. 3). Uthman ibn ‘Affan. 4). Ali ibn Talib. 5). Sa’ad ibn Abi Waqas 6). Abu Ubaida ‘Amer ibn al-Jarrah. 7). Al-Zubair ibn al-’Awam. 8). Talha ibn Ubaidu’llah. 9). Abdar-rahman ibn ‘Auf . 10). Sa’id ibn Zaid. May Allah be pleased with all of them.

JANABA: The state of a person after sexual discharge, whether intentional or otherwise. A person may not perform Salat or not recite or touch the Holy Qur’an until he performs Ghusl or Tayammum. See Ghusl.

JATHIYAH (AL): "The Crouching". Surah 45 of the Holy Qur’an.

JEWJ WA MAJEWJ: "Gog and Magog". The two evil empires. They are mentioned in the Holy Qur’an and Ahadeth (Bukhari and Muslim) when mentioning some of the scenes just before the final hour. See Sahi Muslim, Kitab al-Fitan wa Isharat as-Say’ah. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Ambiyaa (21):96.

JIBREEL, PEACE BE ON HIM: The Angel Gibriel. Also called Rooh al-Qudus, "The Holy Spirit". His duty was to reveal the Word of Allah Ta’ala to His Anbiaa (Prophets). He is now sent to help the very religious against the temptations of Shaitan (Satan) at the time of death. His epithet is Roohul Amin (The Spirit of Truth) (Ash-Shuraa (26):193). The Al-Amin is Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. See Holy Qur’an , Al-Baqara (2)97-98, At-Takwir (81):19-21.

JIHAD: 1). One of the eight gates of Jannah (Paradise). See Jannah. 2). A Holy war in the cause of Allah and His command. Jihad takes many forms, amongst which are: a). Jihad an-Nafs - Fighting against one’s own evil traits and trying one’s utmost to be a better person in the sight of Allah. b). Jihad Akbar - Physically fighting against the enemies of Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala.

JIMAR: Plural of Jamara. See Jamra and Jamrat al-’Aqaba.

JINN (AL): "The Jinn". A race of created beings that are made out of smokeless fire. They are like the Ins (human race) in many ways: 1). They are born, have children and die. They also have friends and family. 2). There are Muslims and Kufar amongst them. 3). They eat food, but their food consists mainly of bones and stool.

They differ from us in many ways too: 1). Their lifespan is much longer than ours. 2). They can see us and sometimes are able to dwell within us. 3). they need no form of transport. 4). They need no housing. The Muslims amongst them like to live in the Masajid and pray, but the unbelievers tend to live in the bathrooms of non-religious Ins (human beings). The best way to make sure that they do not intermix with us (i.e. enter our bodies or eat food with us) is to remember Allah constantly and to read the Holy Qur’an as much as possible. Surah 72 of the Holy Qur’an.

JIZYA: A Tax imposed on non-Muslims who are under Muslim rule.

JUDIYE: Place where the Ark of the Prophet Nooh (Noah), peace be on him, came to rest. Jabal (Mount) Judiye is in the Turkish district of Botham which is situated near the frontiers of turkey, Syria and Iraq. See holy Qur’an, Houd (11):44.

JUHFA (AL): the place to the north-west of Makka where the people of Shaam put on their Ihram when intending to go Hajj. See Miqat.

JUM’A (AL): "Friday". The Muslims’ day of gathering together, when all Muslim males must go to the Masjid to hear the Friday Khutba (sermon) and to do Jum’a Salat (prayer), which is prayed instead of Dhur. Surah 62 of the Holy Qur’an.

JUMADA AL-AKHIRA: The Sixth month of Islamic calendar. Abu Bakr as-Siddiq may Allah be pleased with him, died on Tuesday, 22nd Jumada al-Akhira, 13AH. See Hijri.

JUNUB: A person in the state of Janaba. See Janaba.

JUZ: A part. the Holy Qur’an is divided into thirty parts. A thirtieth part of the Holy Qur’an. Plural: Ajza.

Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, related that Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said that a man said to the Holy Prophet: "O Messenger of Allah, my relatives are such that I cooperate with them, but they cut me off; I am kind to them, but they treat me ill; I forebear and they are rude with me." The Holy Prophet said, "If you are as you say, you are feeding them with hot ash; and so long as you continue as you are, Allah will always help you and He will protect you against their mischief." Saheeh Muslim

Abu sa’id, may Allah be pleased with him, related that Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "The world is green and sweet (full of riches and temptations) and Allah will appoint you (as His) viceregent in it, and will see how you behave. So beware of this world and of women (i.e. avoid much indulgence in the world and sexual misbehavior)." Saheeh Muslim.

Ibn mas’ud , May Allah be pleased with him, related that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "On the Day of Judgment, Hell will be dragged forth and it will have 70,000 bridles, each bridle being pulled by 70,000 angels." Saheeh Muslim.

KAW: See Karram Allah Wajhu.

KA’ABA:The cube-shaped stone building whose foundations were built by the angels and completed by Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and his son, the Prophet Ismael, peace be on them, in Makkah.It was rebuilt with the help of Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.It is the focal point towards which all Muslims face when praying.

KA’ABA AL-YAMANIYAH: Also known as Dhi al-Khalasa. A place where pagan idols used to be worshipped in Yemen in the pre-Islamic time of ignorance.

KAAMIL: Perfectly complete. There is nothing perfectly complete except Allah Ta’ala.

KABAIR (AL): Major sins. Such sins as Shirk (see Shirk), Qatl (Murder), Zinah (fornication and adultery), the taking of Riba (usury), Sirq (theft), etc.

KAFFARA: An expiatory gift. The prescribed way of making amends for wrong actions, particularly missed obligatory actions. For example, if a person swears to do something in the name of Allah, but later finds out that he is not in a position to keep that pledge, then he must pray a Kaffara. Kaffara is paid in various ways, usually by freeing a salve, feeding the hungry, or fasting for a specified number of days. Contrast with Fidya (compensation). See Fidya.

KAFIR: Unbeliever. Someone who covers up the truth and rejects Allah and His messengers, may Allah bless them and grant them peace. There are many different ways in which a person becomes a disbeliever in Allah. For full explanation see Kufr. Plural: Kuffar.

KAFIRRON (AL): "The Unbelievers". Surah 109 of the Holy Qur’an.

KAFURA: Literally means camphor. It is a special heavenly perfume that will be mixed with non-intoxicating, pure wine and be given to the righteous in the Akhira (Hereafter). See Holy Qur’an, Al-Insan (76):5.

KAHF (AL): "The Cave". Surah 18 of the Holy Qur’an.

KALIMATUL TAYIBAH: "The Pure Word", i.e. the assertion that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah. "La illaha illa’llah."

KALIMATU’LLAH: Statements of Allah Ta’ala. Words of Allah. See Roohu’llah.

KARRAM ALLAH WAJHU: "May Allah be graceful to him". This. is most commonly used when referring to Ali ibn Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, because he was the first man to embrace Islam, and after Khadija, may Allah be pleased with her, the second of the earliest Muslims, never having had any connection with other religions.

KASABA: Literally means to earn. This does not only mean the earning of a livelihood, but rather the spiritual reaping of the consequences of one’s deeds, whether they be good or evil. See Holy Qur’an, Luqman (31):34.

KASAFA: Means "Eclipsed" in regard to the sun.

KATHEB: Lie. Particularly one invoking denial of Allah and His messengers, may Allah bless them and grant them peace.

KAWTHAR (AL): 1). "The fount of Kawthar". A Sacred fount in Jannah (Paradise). It is the source of all the four rivers of Paradise, and feeds the Hawd of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. See Surah 108 of the Holy Qur’an. 2). The Hawd, which is filled by Al-Kawthar is at the end of the Siratul Mustaqeem. It is a gift from Allah to the Holy Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. It is to quench the thirst of the true believers.

KHADIJAH, MAY ALLAH BE PLEASED WITH HER: First wife of the Holy Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and one of the four greatest females created, the other three being: 1). Mariam (Mary), Mother of the Prophet Isa (Jesus), peace be on them. 2). Asiya, the wife of Fir’aun (Pharaoh). 3). Fatima, daughter of Muhammad, may Allah bless them and grant them peace.

KHAFY (SHIRK, AL): The Hidden Shirk. Being dissatisfied with what Allah has ordained for a particular person. Hidden Shirk is to inwardly worship anything or anyone other than Allah, or to inwardly associate something or someone as a partner with Him, especially one’s self. See Shirk.

KHAIBAR: A famous town north of Madinah. It was the place where a great battle took place between the Muslims and the Jews in 10AH. The Muslim victory at Khaibar destroyed Jewish influence in the Arabian peninsula for many centuries, until the introduction of the modern Jewish banking system throughout the world. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Ahzab (33):27.

KHAIF: Name of a Masjid (mosque) in Madinah.

KHAIRUL UMMAM: The best nation amongst all nations in the sight of Allah Ta’ala, i.e. Al-Ummal Islamiah (the Muslim nation).

KHALEEL: Highest form of frienship. The love that is mixed with one’s own soul. The Prophet Muhammad and the Prophet Ibrahim, may Allah bless them and grant them peace, were ‘Khaleelu’allah’, the intimate friends of Allah. They loved people for Allah, but their greatest love was only Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala Himself.

KHALIDEEN: To abide for ever. The good will abide in the Jannah (Paradise) and the evil will abide in the Nar (Hellfire) forever. "Khalideena Feeha Abda". (They will abide in there forever.) The word "Abada" also means "Forever". Allah Ta’ala uses "Abada" to emphasize "forever", reminding us that eternity is endless.

KHALIFAH: Derives its name from the word Khalafa, Yakhufu ---- meaning, one that comes after. Khulafa ------ the ones who succeed others, in the sense of standing in as a representative for someone else. Thus Khalifa = viceregent, the representative of Allah. Khalifa has two main meanings: General : It refers to mankind, particularly the believers. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):30. Every Muslim is a Khalifa and should carry the banner of Islam high and strive to establish the Deen of Islam until Allah’s Word reign supreme in the world. Specific: A Muslim ruler. There were four Al-Khulafaa ar-Rashideen, "the rightly-guided Khulafaa": They are:

i). Abu Bakr as-Siddiq - 11-13 AH ii). Umar ibn Khattab - 13-23 AH. iii). Uthman ibn ‘Affan -24-36 iv). Ali ibn Abi talib - 36-40. May Allah be pleased with them. Plural: Khulafaa.

KHALIQ (AL), "AL-KHALIQ": The Creator. One of the ninety-nine Attributes of Allah Ta’ala. Some useful words regarding creation. 1). Khalaqa - "He Created". 2). Khalq - "Creation". 3). Makhlooq - "Created". 4). Khalaaq - "Creator" in the sense of "Originator".

KHAMR: Intoxicant. Anything that is fermented and causes a state of drunkenness when consumed. Khamr is prohibited by Allah Ta’ala in the strongest term possible: "Ajtanibou" - "Leave it!" It is a higher level of prohibition than forbidding it because it is Haram. Haram---- a direct prohibition ordered by Allah Ta’ala. Ajtanibou ---- a degree more serious than Haram. It is not only Haram, but also a direct command not to approach or be near it for any reason whatsoever. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):219, Al-Maidah (5):93.

KHADAQ: "The ditch". A famous battle between the early Muslims and the pagans in which the Muslims built a Khanda (trench) on the protected side of the city of Al-Madinah al-Munawara to prevent the advance of the Makkan unbelievers in 5AH. The enemy were halted by this unexpected tactic, and then driven away awful weather, mutual distrust and low morale, without any major engagement having taken place. It was also called Ghazwat ul-Ahzab (Battle of Clans), because the Makkan idol-worshippers were assisted by the Jewish Tribes of Banu Nadhir, Banu Ghaffan and Banu Asad. See Holy Qur’an, An-Nur (24):55, Al-Ahzab (33):9-20.

KHARAJ: Tax imposed on the revenue out of land taken from non-Muslims to ensure their rights under Islamic Law.

KHARIJ: Singular of Khawarij. See Khawarij.

KHASAFA: Means "eclipsed" with regard to the moon.

KHATAM ANBIYA: The seal of the Prophets. This is the title of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless and grant him peace. Allah Ta’ala sent many prophets, from Adam to Isa (Jesus), may the blessing and peace of Allah be on all of them, and then sent Muhammad as the last messenger to the Ins wal Jinn (mankind and the Jinn) with the final and complete revelation, the Holy Qur’an. This is one of the reasons why Allah Ta’ala Himself decreed that it is He who will preserve and be the Guidance of the Holy Qur’an. It is the only Holy Book today that has not been altered (not even a single letter has been altered!). Allah Ta’ala’s promise is true. Has not the time come for those who reject to see the truth? Allah Ta’ala has sent an unlimited number of proofs to prove that the divine truth lies in the Holy Qur’an and with the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. It is clear for those who wish to see them. And those who choose to reject them will have only themselves to blame. For another proof see Umm-me.

Allah humma inni ballght; Allah humma inni ballaght; Allah humma inni ballaght:

O Allah, surely the message has been delivered; O Allah surely the message has been delivered; O Allah, surely the message has been delivered.

KHAUF: Fear. Only fear of Allah is acceptable to Allah Ta’ala. Khauf is a general fear, e.g.: 1 . Fearing the unknown. 2 . Fear of failing. 3 . Fear of losing wealth. etc.

Taqwa is the fear of something specific and its consequences:

a). Fear of Allah and of His wrath. This is the mark of a true believer. This is a blessed Taqwa that will lead to Paradise. b). Fearing Shaitan or man for the evil they can do, without taking into consideration that Allah has power over them. This is a cursed Taqwa that will lead to the Hellfire. The opposite of Khauf is Rija (hope), hope for generosity and blessing from Allah Ta’ala.

KHAWARIJ: The people who dissented from Islam and created a false belief which was not part of the Holy Qur’an or the teachings of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Singular: Kharj.

KHAWLA BINT THA’LAB: She is the woman who is referred to in the Surat al-Mujadalah (Surah 58:1-6).

KHAZAIN: 1). Store houses or places where things are stored. 2). Treasures or where treasures are kept. Singular Makhzan.

KHIMAR: A type of Hijab (Veil) which covers the face, but leaves the eyes exposed, as opposed to the Niqab, which covers the entire face, including the eyes.

KHOSOOF: Lunar eclipse. There is a special Eclipse Salat (prayer) which lasts as long as the eclipse itself.

KHUL: A form of divorce. When a wife leaves her husband after giving him a certain compensation, usually part or all of her dowry.

KHULAFAA AR-RASHIDEEN (AL): The rightly-Guided Khalifaas. They were the first four rulers of the Muslim Ummah (nation) after the death of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. They were called "The Rightly-Guided Khalifaas" because they ruled exactly as was ordained by Allah Ta’ala and the Prophet Muhammad. They were:

1). Abu Bakr as-Siddiq - 11-13AH 2). Umar ibn Al-Khattab -13-23AH 3). Uthman ibn ‘Affan - 23-36AH. 4). Ali ibn Abi Talib - 36-40AH. May Allah be please with them.

KHUMRA: A small prayer mat, just large enough for hands and forehand.

KHUMS: One-Fifth war booty given Allah’s cause. See Holy Qur’an. Al-Anfaal (8):41.

KHUTBA: Sermon. The greatest sermon in the history of mankind was called Al-Khutbatul Wida’ (the farewell sermon), given by the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, during his last Hajj in 10AH. There are various types of sermons, e.g.

1). Khutbatul Jum’a - the Friday sermon. This is given immediately before the Jum'a Salat (prayer). 2). Khutbatul Eid - the Eid sermon. This is given immediately after the Salat (prayer) of the two Eids. 3). Khutbatul Nikah - the marriage sermon. This is during the marriage ceremony.

KHUTBATUL NIKAH: A speech given at the time of concluding a marriage contract.

KITAB: Book. There are three types of Kutub (books):

1). The Book of record or deeds. On the Day of Judgment, everyone from both man and Jinn will receive their book, in their right or left hand, according to the preponderance of their good or bad deeds and thus will either enter Paradise or be cast into Hellfire. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Qamar (54):52-53. 2). Al-Kitab. The Book (or Revelation). Refers especially to the Holy Qur’an, but also refers to the original revelations revealed to the earlier messengers of Allah, may the blessing and peace of Allah be on them. See Qur’an. 3). Ordinary books. i.e.books written by people, all of which are subject to human error and cannot be compared to the Qur’an. The Qur’an is the uncreated word of Allah Ta’ala.

KOHL: A powder, made from finely ground antimony and used both as a make-up and as medicine for the eyes.

KUFEE: A style of angular writing often used for early hand-written copies of the Holy Qur'an.

KUFFAR: Unbelievers. Those who reject Allah and His messengers, may Allah bless them and grant them peace. There are different ways of not believing in Allah. For full explanation, see Kufr.Singular: Kafir.

KUFR: Disbelief in Allah’s Commands, including refusal to accept whatever the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, taught. There are two levels of Kufr: 1). Kufr Al-Akbar (major disbelief). Major Kufr is subdivided into five categories: a). Kufr al-Taktheeb. Denying the divine truth. b). Kufr al-Abaa wa Stakbara ma’al-Tasdeeq. Refusing to bow to Allah due to pride, even though acknowledging the divine truth. c). Kufr ash-Shakk wa Dhann. Doubting any or all of the six articles of faith (see ‘Aqaaid), even if not completely denying them. d). Kufr al-Iraad. Knowingly turning away from the divine truth. e). Kufr al-Nifaq. Disbelief through hypocrisy. 2). Kufr al-Asghar (minor disbelief). Being unappreciative of what Allah Ta’ala has provided.

KUNYA: A respectful and affectionate way of calling as "Abu" or "Umm" (Abu----father of - mother of) followed by the name of the eldest son; if there is no male offspring then the "Abu" or "Umm" is followed by the name of the eldest daughter. It is prohibited to have the same Kunya as the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, e.g. It is not permitted to call someone "Abul Qasim". Sahi Bukhari, Hadith 205, Vol. 8. Sahi Muslim, Kitab ul-Adab.

KUSUF: Solar eclipse. There is a special Eclipse Salat (prayer) which lasts as long as the eclipse itself.

O you who believe ! If you keep your duty to Allah, He will give you discrimination (between right and wrong) and will rid you of your evil thoughts and deeds, and will forgive you. Allah is of Infinite Bounty. Al-Anfaal (8):29.

O Mankind! Fear your Lord. Surely the earthquake of the Hour (of Doom) is a trememdous thing. On the day when you behold it, every nursing mother will forget her nursing and every pregnant one will be delivered of her burden, and and you will see mankind as if they were drunk, yet they will not be drunk, but the Doom of Allah will be strong (upon them). Al-Hajj (22):1-2.

Every self shall taste death. And surely you will be paid on the Day of Resurrection only what you have earned. Whoever is removed from the Fire and is made to enter Paradise is indeed successful. The life of this world is only an illusory comfort. Aali ‘Imran (3):185.

You will not attain righteousness until you give of that which you love. Aali ‘Imran 30:92.

Laat : a chief goddess in the religion of the pre-Islamic Arabs during the days of Jahiliyyah.

La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah : The meaning of this expression is: " There is no power and no strength save in Allah." This expression is read by a Muslim when he is struck by a calamity, or is taken over by a situation beyond his control. A Muslim puts his trust in the hands of Allah, and submits himself to Allah.

La ilaha illallah : This expression is the most important one in Islam. It is the creed that every person has to say to be considered a Muslim. It is part of the first pillar of Islam. The meaning of which is: " There is no lord worthy of worship except Allah."
The second part of this first pillar is to say: "Muhammadun Rasul Allah," which means:"Muhammad is the messenger of Allah."

Lunar calendar : In their religious duties, Muslims depend on solar and lunar calendars. The latter is shorter than the solar by twelve days. Fasting the month of Ramadhan, celebrating the two major feasts ('Eid Al-Fitr and 'Eid Al-Adhha), performing the pilgrimage to Makkah, and other religious activities depend upon the lunar months.
The names of the lunar months are: Muharram, Safar, Rabi' Al-Awwal, Rabi' Al-Thani, Jumada Al-Ula, Jumada Al-Akhirah, Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadhan, Shawwal, Dhul-Qi'dah, and Dhul-Hijjah. The timing of the daily prayers depend on the solar system.

Labbayk Allaahumma Labbayk : literally means "O Allaah! I respond to Your Call".

Laylatul-Qadar : one of the odd last ten nights of the month of Ramadhaan for which Allaah has prescribed the reward for acts of worship being better/equivalent to 1,000 months (83 years and 4 months).

Laghw : Dirty, false, evil vain talk

O mankind! Keep your duty to your Lord and fear the day when the parent will not be able to help the child with anything, nor the child help the parent. Surely Allah’s promise is the very truth. Let not the life of the world beguile you, nor let the deceiver beguile you, in regard to Allah. Luqman (31):33.

O mankind! A simititude is coined, so pay attention to it: Surely those on whom you call besides Allah will never create a fly, though they combine together for the purpose. And if the fly took something from them, they could not retrieve it from it. So weak are the seeker and the sought! Al-Hajj (22):73

MA’ARIJ (AL): "The Ways of Ascent". Surah 70 of the Holy Qur’an.

MA’RIFA: A Spiritual realization of Allah Ta’ala. Gnosis.It is to directly witness the Light of the Names of Attributes of Allah manifested in the heart.

MA’SHAR: Assemblies. Whether they be assemblies of mankind or of the Jinn or both.

MA’UN (AL): "Small Kindnesses". Surah 107 of the Holy Qur’an.

MABRUR: A Hajj that is accepted by Allah because of its perfection in both inward intention and outward observance of the traditions of Rasoolu’llah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

MADYAN: People of the Prophet Shu’aib, peace be on him. They were destroyed by an earthquake for rejecting Shu’aib and the warnings from Allah he had brought with him. See Holy Qur’an, Al-A’raf (7):8593, Houd (11):84-95.

MAGHFEER: A foul-smelling gum.

MAGHAZI (AL): Plural of Ghazwa. See Ghazwa.

MAGHDOUB: "Cursed" by Allah Ta’ala. Surah Al-Fatiha (1):7, "...Maghdoubee ‘alaihim.." (those that have been cursed) refers to the Jews. Allah Ta’ala has cursed them for continually breaking their covenants. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):83-86, 100, Al-maidah (5):13-14, 73.

MAGHFIRA: "Forgiveness". In the Holy Qur’an Allah Ta’ala uses three different words to mean "forgive".

1). ‘Afa. Forgave, in the sense of obliterating the memory of wrongdoing from one’s mind. 2). Safaha. Forgave, in the sense of overlooking, ignoring or turning away from misdeeds. 3). Maghfira. Comes from one of the ninety-nine Attributes of Allah Ta’ala. "Al-Ghafur", which means to forgive again and again.

MAGHREEB: Sunset. The fourth compulsory Salat (Prayer) of the day. It consists of three Raq’as. It can be prayed at any time between just after sunset and before the stars appear in the sky.

MAGHREBEE: A combination of Kufee (angular) and Naskh (curved) Scripts often used for hand-written copies of the Holy Qur’an written in north-west Africa.

MAHRAM: A Man whom a woman can never marry because of closeness of relationship (e.g. father, brother, uncle, son, etc.) Her husband is also her Mahram.

MAHR: Dowry given by a husband to his bride on marriage.

MAIDA (AL): "The Table Spread". Surah 5 of the Holy Qur’an.

MAISER: Gambling. Literally means getting something too easily. Maiser has been prohibited by Allah Ta’ala in the strongest terms possible : "Ajtibou" - "Leave it!". It is a higher level of prohibition than forbidding it because it is Haram. Haram = a direct prohibition ordered by Allah Ta’ala. Ajtanibou = a degree more serious than Haram. It is not only Haram, but also a direct command not to approach or be near it for nay reason whatsoever. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):219, Al-Maidah (5):93.

MAJEED (AL): "Al-Majeed". The Most Gracious. One of the ninety nine attributes of Allah. For a full list of the Asmaul Husna of Allah ta’ala.

MAJOOS: Fire worshippers. These people lived mainly in Persia and the Eastern Arabian Peninsula in the pre-Islamic period of ignorance. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Hajj (22):17.

MAKR: Has two meanings: 1). Plotting or planning with evil intent 2). Planning for a good purpose. "Wa Makaru wa Makara Allah wa’llahu Khairul Makereen" (Surah Aali ‘Imran (3):54). "They planned and Allah planned and Allah is the best of planners." Makaru = they plotted. Makara = planned. Makara = plotted. makareen = plotters. See Holy Qur’an, Aali ‘Imran (3):54,

MAKROUH: Disapproved of, but not prohibited by Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala. See Ahkam.

MALAIKAH: 1). "Angels". Another name for Suratul Fatir. Surah 35 of the Holy Qur’an. 2). A race of created beings that are made out of light. Their sole purpose in creation is to worship and glorify Allah and to perform their duties exactly as described. They are incapable of disobedience. They do not eat, or sleep, or procreate. Their exact number is unknown. Amongst the well-known ones are the following: i). The angel Jibreel (Gabriel) - the angel whose duty is to communicate between Allah Ta’ala and the Prophets and to whomever Allah wills; i.e. he was commanded to communicate with Mariam (Mary, mother of Prophet Jesus), Jesus and Muhammad, may Allah bless them and grant them peace. ii). The angel Mikaeel (Micheal) - the angel of provisions. iii). The angel of Death - takes the souls of people when they die. Many Muslims mistakenly call him Izrael. The name "Izrael" is neither mentioned in the Holy Book of Allah, the Holy Qur’an, nor by Muhammad, may Allah bless and grant him peace, in any of the Ahadeeth. The name "Izrael" is mentioned in the Taurat and therefore has been ‘borrowed’ from the Jews. Beware of such innovations. Copying the Jews or any other unbelievers, and then saying "This is from Allah", is Kuffur. iv). The angel Israfeel - the angel who will blow the horn to bring the universe to its end. v). The angel Ridwan - Keeper of Jannah (Paradise). vi). The angel Maalik - Keeper of Nar (Hellfire). vii). The angels Munkar and Nakeer - the two angels who are assigned to question the souls of the dead in their graves about their faith. Peace be on all of them. Singular: Malak.

MALAK: Singular of Malaikah (angels). See Malaikah.

MAMNU’A: What is prohibited in acts of worship in the Shari’a. For example, doing voluntary Salat (prayers) between the Fajr Salat and sunrise, or between the Asr Salat and sunset; fasting on either of the two ‘Eid days.

MANAAT: A famous goddess in Hijaz who used to be worshipped by the pagan Arabs in the pre-Islamic period of ignorance. See Holy Qur’an, an-Najm (53):20.

MANASI (AL): A huge plateau on the outskirt of Madinah.

MANASIK: General sacrifice in the path of Allah Ta’ala. All deeds and actions during Hajj are regarded as Manasik, for they are indeed regarded as sacrifices in the path of Allah.

MANSOOKH: Abrogated. The abrogation of certain commands usually came with increased belief or change in situation. Only Allah Ta’ala has the power to abrogate verses of the Holy Qur’an. An example of an abrogated statement is:"...wa in toobdu ma fee anfooseekum aw tookhfoohu youhasibkum bihi Allah.." (Al Baqara (2):284), "...whether you show what is in your mind or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it...". when the Muslims heard this Ayah they went to Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said: "O Rasoolullah, we cannot control ourselves, but how can we control the outburst in our hearts? (i.e. sudden thoughts that shaitan puts within us). The Prophet Muhammad said: "Do you intend to say, ‘Same’na wa ‘asaina (We hear and we disobeyed), as did both the people of the Book (i.e. the Jews and the Christians)? say, ‘Same’na wa ata’na! So they said, ‘Same’na wa ata’na’ (We hear and we obey). On hearing their reply Allah Ta’ala abrogated this verse, by revealing the 286th verse of Surah al-Baqara: "La youkalifu’llau nafsan illa wus’aha.." The aim of the 284th verse of Surah al-Baqara was to test the followers of Muhammad, may the blessings of Allah be on him and them, as to whether or not they would say the same as the Jews and the Christians who used to say, "Same’na wa ‘asaina" (We hear and we disobey).

MAQAM IBRAHIM: The station of Ibrahim. The place where the Prophet Ibrahim, peace be on him, stood in prayer, and which marks the place of prayer following Tawaf of the Ka’bah. This place today is marked by a stone in which there are two large sunken footprints, said to have been made by the Prophet Ibrahim when he stood on the stone while he and his son Ismael were building the Ka’aba.

AL-MAQAM AL-MAHMOOD: The highest station in Jannah (Paradise). This place will be granted to the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and to no-one else. Sahi Bukhari, Hadith 242, Vol. 6.

MARIAM, PEACE BE ON HER: "Mary". The Virgin Mary. Daughter of ‘Imran and Hannah and mother of Prophet Isa (Jesus) peace be on him. She is the first of the four greatest females created, the other three being:

1). Asiya, the wife of Fir’aun (Pharaoh). 2). Khadija, the first wife of Muhammad. 3). Fatima, Daughter of Muhammad, May the blessings and peace of Allah be on him and all his wives and family. Surah 19 of the Holy Qur’an.

MARUT: One of the two angels that were sent by Allah as a trial to mankind by way of allowing Harut and Marut to teach them magic. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):102.

MARWA: A small hill in Makkah close to the holiest Masjid in Islam, Al-Masjid al-Haram. See Sa’i, Safa and Marwa.

MASAD (AL): "Palm Fibre". Another name for Surah Abi Lahab. This surah condemned Abi Lahab and his wife to Hellfire (many years before their deaths) for their Kufr, especially their violent opposition to the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Surah 111 of the Holy Qur’an.

MASAJID: "Mosque". Place of worship for the Muslims. Singular: Masjid. The whole earth is a Masjid for the Muslims, the dome of the heaven its roof.

MASAKEEN: People who are very poor and in need; not only those who are visibly in need, but also those who seem in no need of help, but who in reality are very poor. Singular: Miskeen.

MASEEH: "Massiah". A title which means "Annointed" or "Christ". There are two Messiahs:

1 . Maseeh Isa ibn Mariam - Christ Jesus, Son of Mary. The title of Maseh (Christ) was given to the great Prophet Isa (Jesus), Son of Mary , peace be on them. Masee ad-Dajjal - Christ the Liar. This title is given to the false Christ (the Antichrist as termed by the Christians), who will appear before the Day of Resurrection, falsely claiming to be prophet Jesus, Son of Mary. One of the major signs of the coming of the Day of Judgment will be when the Maseeh ad-Dajjal appears. He will then be shortly followed by the Prophet Isa (Jesus), the Son of Mary, peace be on them. The Prophet Jesus will then slay the Dajjal (Antichrist) and the Dijjal’s followers by a miracle. The Prophecy of the second coming of the -------------------- ------------------------- ???????????????????????????

MAWAQEET: Plural of Miqat. See Miqat.

MI’RAJ: The Night Journey of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from Makka to Jerusalem and then through the realms of the seven Heavens, beyond the limit of forms, the Sidrat al-Muntah, to within a bow-span’s length or nearer to the Presence of Allah. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Isara (17):1. See Bukhari, Hadith 345, Vol. 1, Vol. 1, 227, Vol. 5.

MIHIRAAB: Prayer niche of a Masjid (mosque), in front of which the Imam stands when leading the congregational prayers.

MIMBAR: Steps on which the Imam stands to deliver the Khutba on the day of the Jum’a.

MINA: A Place five miles from Makkah and approximately ten miles from ‘Arafat. An essential place to visit during the Hajj. For full information on the importance of Mina during the Hajj. See Hajj.

MIQAT: Certain places specified by the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for people to assume Ihram on their way to doing the Hajj or an Umra. Plural: Mawaqeet.

The Mawaqeet are: Following are people or nationalities of different places and their specified locations of Miqat: 1.) (From Makkah itself)---- Tan’im Makkah 2.) Madinah (from the north)---- Dhu’l-Hulayfa (Abar Ali) 3.) Najd, Arabia (from the east) ---- Qar al-Manazil 4.) Yemen (from the South) Yalamlam 5.) Shaam (from the west and north-west)---- Al-Juhfa 6.)Iraq (from the north-east)---- Dhir 'Irq.

MISKEEN: A very poor and needy person. Plural:Maskeen.

MITHQAAL: A measure of weight for weighing gold in this world and deeds on the Day of Judgment in the next world.

MU’JEZZAT: Miracles.

MUHKAM: Qur’anic verse which have a clear-cut meaning.

MU’TAKIF: A person who is in the state of ‘Itikaf. See ‘Itikaf.

MUADHEEN: The man who calls the Adhan loudly before each obligatory Salat (Prayer), calling the people to prayer.

MUAKKAD (SALAT): Voluntary prayers regularly done. This type of optional prayer was virtually always done by Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. See Nafilah.

MUAWUDTHATAIN: The two Surahs of seeking protection, Surah Al-Falaq (113) and Surat An-Nas (114). These Suwar were revealed for mankind and the Jinns to protect themselves from evil and black magic. It is Kufr (unbelief) to delve into the black arts, since this is a denial of the truth that there is no strength and no power except from Allah.

MUBARAK: Blessed. Having received the blessing of Allah.

MUBASHIRAT: Glad tidings. Good dreams.

MUBIQAAT: major, Destructive sins.

MUDDATHIR (AL): "The Cloaked One". Surah 74 of the Holy Qur’an.

MUFFASAL: The last, shorter Surahs of the Holy Qur’an. All the Suwar from Surah Qaf (50) to Surah an-Nas (114).

MUFFASSALAT: Same as Mufassal.

MUFRID: A Muslim who remembers Allah Ta’ala constantly.

MUHABBAH (SHIRK AL): A Major Shirk. Loving a created being or an object more than Allah Ta'ala. See Shirk.

MUHADITH: A scholar of Ahadeeth (sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace). plural: Muhaditeen.

MUHADITHEEN: Scholars of Ahadeeth (Sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace). Singular: Muhadith.

MUHAJIR: A Muslim who emigrated from Makkah to Madinah during the time of the great repression of the Muslim by the pagan Quraish up until the conquest of Makkah 8AH by the prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Plural: Muhajireen.

MUHAJIREEN: Plural of Muhajir. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Hashr (59):8-9, Al-Munafiqun (63):7. See Muhajir.

MUHAMMAD, MAY ALLAH BLESS HIM AND GRANT HIM PEACE: The Final Messenger of Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala to Ins wal Jinn (mankind and the Jinn). Born in Makkah in 570AC. At the age 40 he was called upon to become the mightiest of all messengers. He died in Madinah at the age of 63 after gloriously completing his transmission of the divine Message. He was the bringer of the greatest miracle of all time, the Holy Qur’an. It is through him that Allah Ta’ala has enlightened mankind and the Jinn until the Day of Judgment. He is the Best Creation, may the blessings and peace of Allah be on him and his family and his companions and all who follow him and them in what they are able,with sincerity, until the Last Day. To those Jews and Christians who rejected the holy Prophet Muhammad, let it be known that Muhammad is actually mentioned by name in the Old Testament in the original Hebrew Song of Solomon, Ch., 5 V. 16. But for some misguided reasons they have chosen to adulterate it by changing it from "Muhammadim" (in the Hebrew) to "altogether lovely" in the English. (Muhammad + im is a term of respect in Hebrew.) Similarly, Muhammad is actually mentioned by name in the New Testament in John 14:16-26, 15:26 and 16:13. The greek word "Periqleitos" (Paraclete), which is the equivalent of the Aramaic word "Mhamda", means precisely what "Ahmad" means in Arabic, "the most praiseworthy", and "Ahmad" is one of the Prophet Muhammad’s name, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. But for some misguided reasons they have chosen to adulterate it by changing it from "Mhamda" (in the Aramaic) to "Comforter" or "Counsellor" in the English. Many other references to Muhammad which existed in the original Torah and Ingeel have been removed altogether.Allah Taala's wrath awaits those who knowingly alter or hide His words.Allah Ta’ala has given Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the following names: Muhammad: The one who praises and is praised. Ahmad: the Most praiseworthy. Al-Mahi: The effacer (of Kufr). Al-’Aqib: The last . Mustafa: The chosen. Al-Amin: The trusworthy. Surah 47 of the Holy Qur’an. For the chronological list of the main events in the Prophet Muhammad’s life, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

MUHARRAM: The first month of Islamic calendar. Strictly forbidden by Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala.

MUHEET: 1). Encompassing, in the sense of being all around them, thus giving the sense that there will be no escape for the evildoers from Allah and His punishment, and that the believers will find Allah’s blessings and mercy wherever they turn. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):19, Houd (11):84. 2). The ocean (because it encompasses the land mass).

MUHRIM: One who assumes Ihram. See Ihram.

MUHRIMA: A female who assumes Ihram. See Ihram.

MU’SIR: A Mu’sir who intends to do Hajj and Umra, but is unable to do so due to some obstacles.

MUHSIN: One who is in a state of Ihsan and accordingly does right and does good deeds. Plural: Muhsineen. See Ihsan.

MUHSINEEN: People who do righteous deeds in a perfect manner. Singular: Muhsin.

MUJADALAH: "She who disputes". The Woman referred to is Khawla bint Tha’lab. Surah 58 of the Holy Qur’an.

MUJAHID: One who takes active part in a Jihad. Pural: Mujahideen. See Jihad.

MUJAHIDEEN: Muslims who take part in a Jihad. Singular: Mujahid. See Jihad.

MULAA’ANA: The act of carrying out Li’aan. See Li’aan.

MULAMMAS: "Touched", as a synonym of Lamas. See Lamas.

MULHID: Atheist. A complete disbeliever in Allah Ta’ala and the Last Day. Comes from Ilhad (atheism). Ilhad literally means deviation. For a full explanation: See Ilhad. Plural: Mulhidoon or Mulhideen.

MULK (AL): "The Sovereignty", of Allah Ta’ala. Surah 67 of the Holy Qur’an.

MULTAZAM: The area between the Black Stone and the door of the Ka’aba where it is recommended to make Du’a.

MUMIN (AL): "The Believer". Someone who trusts in Allah and accepts and follows His Messengers, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Another name for Al-Ghafir. Surah 40 of the Holy Qur’an.

MUMINOON (AL): "The Believers". Surah 23 of the Holy Qur’an.

MUMTAHANA: "She that is to be Examined". Surah 60 of the Holy Qur’an.

MUNABADHA: "Thrown", as synonym of Nibadh. See Nibadh.

MUNAFIQEEN: "Hypocrites". They are the worst of created beings, for they pretend to, but do not believe in Allah and the Last Day. Allah has cursed them (At-Tawbah (9):67-69) and on the Day of Judgment they will occupy the lowest of the Nar (Hellfire), called "Hutama". Also as Munafiqoon. Singular: Munafiq.

MUNAFIQOON: "The Hyprocrites". Surah 63 of the Holy Qur’an.

MUNKAR: 1). Name of one of the two angels who will question us in our graves. See Munkar wa Nakir. 2). Something that is disapproved of in Islam. 3). Something that is denied when it is said or pointed out. 4).Something that is refused when offered.

MUNKAR WA NAKIR, PEACE BE ON THEM: The two angels who will question the souls of the dead in their graves shortly after burial about faith, asking, "Who is your Lord? Who is your Prophet? What is your Book? What was your Deen? See Malaikah.

MUQARRABOON: Literally means "those who have been brought near". These are the most exalted, the most loved by Allah Ta’ala. On the Day of Resurrection, Allah Ta’ala will sort out the good and the evil into three groups: 1). Muqarraboon - the exalted class, those who are the nearest to Allah Ta’ala. Also described as the Sabiqoon, meaning ‘those who outstrip the rest’. 2) . Ashab al-Maimana - literally means "the Companions of the Right". These are the righteous people, those who are destined to enter the Jannah (Paradise). 3). Ashab al-Mashama - literally means "the Companions of the Left". These people will be the inheritors of the Nar (Hellfire). For full explanation on: Muqarraboon - see Al-Waqi’ah (56):11-26. Ashab al-Maimana - see Al-Waqi’ah (56):27-40. Ashab al-Mashama - see Al-Waqi’ah (56):41-56.

MUQATTA’AT: See Alif Lam Mim.

MURSALAAT (AL): "The Emissaries". Surah 77 of the Holy Qur’an.

MURSALEEN: Literally means "those who are sent". It refers to the prophets and messengers sent by Allah Ta’ala. Allah sent many prophets and messengers to preach the message of Tawheed to Ins wal Jinn (mankind and the Jinn). Their exact number is not mentioned in either Holy Qur’an or in any of the authentic Ahadeeth. Here is a complete list of the Prophets and messengers of Allah who are mentioned in the Book of Allah Ta’ala, may the blessings and peace of Allah be on all of them.Each prophet as listed below,is respectively identified according to his a) Age b)Period of existence and c)Remarks or identification,as follows:

MURTAD: "Apostate". Plural: Murtadeen.

MURTADEEN: People who become apostate, i.e. people who become unbelievers after having believed.

MUSA, PEACE BE UPON HIM: Moses. One of the greatest prophets and messengers of Islam.

MUSALLAH: A place for praying that is not a Masjid.

MUSHRIK: A person who commits Shirk. See Shirk.

MUSLIM: Literally means "Submission of will". i.e. to the will of Allah the Almighty. A Muslim is someone who follows the way of Islam, not abandoning what is Fard, keeping within the Hudood of Allah, and following the Sunnah, in what he or she is able. A Muslim is by definition one who is safe and sound, at peace in this world, and promised the Garden in the next world.

MUSTD’AF: One who is considered weak, and therefore is treated in a disrespectful manner. See Holy Qur’an, An-Nisaa (4):75.

MUSTAFA: One of the names of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, meaning "the chosen one’. See Muhammad.

MUSTAHAB: "Recommended". but not obligatory’. See Ahkam.

MUT’A: A temporary marriage. This was permitted in the early period of Islamic history, when the first Muslims were away from their homes for extensive periods of time; but was abrogated by the Holy Prophet Muhammad himself, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at Khaibar as is related by Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, Sahi Muslim and Sahi Bukhari.

MUTABBAR: Smashed into pieces. Destroyed. See Holy Qur’an. Al-A'raf (7):139.

MUTAFIFEEN: "The people who deal in Fraud". Surah 83 of the Holy Qur’an

MUTHEERA: The fragrant air Jannah (Paradise).

MUZDALLIFA: A site between ‘Arafat and Mina where the Hujjaj (pilgrims) spend the night of the 9th of Dhu’l Hijjah (after coming down from ‘Arafat). See Hajj.

MUZZAMMIL (AL): "The Enshrouded One". Surah 73 of the Holy Qur’an.

Abdullah ibn ‘Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, related that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "A Muslim is a person who does not harm another Muslim with his tongue or his hands, and an emigrant is one who leaves that which Allah has forbidden." Saheeh Muslim and Saheeh Bukhari

Harisa ibn Wahb, may Allah be pleased with him, related that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "shall I tell you who are the dwellers of Paradise? They are every person who is considered weak and is despised, but who, if he takes an oath of reliance upon Allah, then he fulfills it. Now shall I tell you who are the persons destined for Hell? They are everyone who is ignorant, impertinent, proud and arrogant. Saheeh Muslims and Saheeh Bukhari.

Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, related that: "A poor woman came to me with her two daughters. I gave her three dates. She gave one to each girls and wanted to eat the third herself. The two girls asked her for this also. So she divided it into two parts and gave one to each of the girls. I was much impressed by her action and mentioned it to the Holy Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He said, ‘Allah has ordained Paradised for her in consequence of this action’: or ‘Allah has freed her from hell on account of this gesture." Saheeh Muslim.

NABAA (AL): "The Tidings". Surah 78 of the Holy Qur’an.

NABI: Prophet. There have been many prophets since the world was first created. Their exact number is not mentioned either in the Holy Qur’an or in any of the authentic Ahadith (sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace ). Only twenty-five of them are actually named in the Holy Qur’an, may the blessing and peace of Allah be on all of them.

NAFAR: A small group of people, usually between three and ten in number.

NAFILAH: Optional Salat. They are of two types: (1.) Sunnah - the optional Salat that one does before and after the Fard Salat. These voluntary Salat fall into two categories: (a.) Muakkad - confirmed. These types of Salat were always regularly done by Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. (b.) Ghair-Muakkad - not confirmed. Those types of Salat were often, but not always, practiced by the Prophet Muhammad. (2.) Others - any other Salat that one may wish to perform; for example, doing two Rak’at before making a Du’a. With the exceptions of the Witr prayer, Nafilah prayers always consist of two Rak’at at a time. See Witr. Plural: Nawafil.

NAFL: A gift. From the same root as Anfal, meaning booty taken in war. It means a voluntary act of Ibadah. See Nafilah.

NAFRA: (1.) The 12th or 13th of Dhul’l Hijjah when the Hujjaj (pilgrims) leave Mina. (2.) To go forth and be ready to strive and suffer in the way of Allah Ta’ala. See Holy Qur’an, At-Taubah (9):39.

NAHD: Sharing traveling expenses by putting the money or food into kitty and distributing them equally among the travelers.

NAHI’ANIL MUNKAR: Forbidding the evil. The full phrase is "Amr bil Ma’roof was Nahi ‘Anil Munakr" (enjoining the good and forbidding the evil).

NAHL (AL): "The Bee". Surah 16 of the Holy Qur’an.

NAHNU: "We". The plurality of respect and honour. Allah Ta’ala uses "We" to express His honour and greatness. It is not the plurality of numbers, for Allah is One and Unique. There is nothing like Him and there is none comparable to Him. Allah did not beget nor was He begotten.

NAHR: Slaughtering camels. The Day of Nahr takes place on the 10th of Dhu’l-Hijjah, when Hujjaj sacrifice camels, goats, sheep, etc., as one of the rites of the Hajj. See Eid al-Adha, Hajj.

NAJWA:1) A private talk between Allah the Almigthy and one of His slaves on the Day of Ressurection. See Saheeh Bukhari.

2) A secretive talk among the Kuffar plotting against the Holy prophet Muhammad and his followers,may the blessings and peace of Allah be on him and them.. See Surah al-Mujadalah(58):8

NAKIR: One of the two angels who will question us in our graves. See Munkar wa Nakir.

NAML (AL): "The Ants". Surah 27 of the Holy Qur’an.

NAQIB: (1). leader of a small group of men going on a expedition. (2). Tribal chief.

NAR: Literally means fire, but usually means the Fire of the next world, including all seven levels of Hellfire as a whole.

NAS (AN): "Mankind". Surah 114 of the Holy Qur’an. There are three different levels of mankind: Mutaqoon - people who fear Allah Ta’ala and do not commit Kabair (major sins). Mukhalatoon - people who commit Kabair (major sins), in spite of their belief in Allah. Kuffar - unbelievers, who do not believe in Allah. Not only do they commit Kabair, but also they commit the greatest wrong action of all, Shirk.

NASARA: Christian.

NASI’A (RIBA AL): A type of interest on loaned money. This is completely Haram. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):275-280, Aali’Imran (3):130.

NASKH: A type of curved writing often used for early hand-written copies of the Holy Qur’an.

NASR (AN): "Help" . Surah 110 of the Holy Qur’an.

NAWAFIL: Plural of Nafilah. See Nafilah.

NAZI’AT: "Those who tear out". Surah 79 of the Holy Qur’an.

NIBADH: A sale whereby a deal is finalized by the seller throwing the sold object towards the buyer, thus giving him no opportunity of seeing, touching or checking it before the sale is concluded.

NIFAQ: Hypocrisy. One of the greatest sins in the sight of Allah Ta’ala. The Punishment for Nifaq is the lowest pit of an-Nar (hellfire), the Hutama.

NIFAQ (KUFR AL): A Major Kufr. Disbelief through hyprocrisity. See Kufr.

NIKAH: Marriage according to the law of Allah Ta’ala. The courtesies and requirements regarding Nikah are extensive and cannot be fully explained in this book. For more information of Nikah please see Kitabul Nikah (Book of Nikah) in Sahi Albukhari an Sahi Muslim. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):221, An-Nisa (4):3 20-25, 35, 128-129, Al-Ma’idah (5):6, An-Nur (24):3, 32:33, Al-Ahzab (33):28-29, 49-52.

NIQAB: A type of Hijab (veil) that covers the entire face, as opposed to the Khimar, which leaves the eyes exposed.

NISAA (AN): "Women". Surah 4 of the Holy Qur’an.

NIYYAH: The intention of the heart. It is by their Niyyah that Allah Ta’ala judges the actions of Ins wal’l-Jinn (mankind and the Jinn).

NIYYAH WAL IRAADA WAL QASD (SHIRK AL): A Major Shirk. Having the intention and determination to deliberately do any type of act of worship to a deity other than Allah Ta’ala. See Shirk.

NOOH, PEACE BE ON HIM: "Noah". A Messenger as well as a prophet. Surah 71 of the Holy Qur’an.

NOON: Fish. See Dhul’l-Noon.

NUR (AN): "An-Nur". The Light. One of the ninety-nine Attributes of Allah. This is such a complex attribute that it is impossible to explain it in one volume. Its spiritual meaning is only understood by Allah Ta’ala Himself, for "Allah is of the heavens and the earth". See Ayat an-Nur at the start of "R" (an-Nur (24):35-36). Surah 24 of the Holy Qur’an.

NUSK: An Act of worship. Singular of Nusuk. See Nusuk.

NUSUK: A general sacrifice in the path of Allah. All the deeds and actions of Hajj are regarded as Nusuk, for they are indeed regarded as sacrifices in the path of Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala. Plural: Manasik.

NUZOOL: The revelation of the Holy Qur’an.The Revelation of the Holy Quran was in three stages: It was written on the Lauh al-Mahfudha, i.e. on the Guarded tablet in the Seven Heaven. On the Lailatul Qadar Allah Ta’ala sent the entire Qur’an down to the Baitul "Izza in the first Heaven. During the month of Ramadan Allah Ta’ala ordered the Holy Spirit, the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel), peace be on him, to start to reveal the Qur’an to the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, but not all at once. The entire revelation of the Holy Qur’an took twenty-three years.

They surely disbelieve who say, "Lo! Allah is the third of three, " when there is no God but the One God. If they do not stop from saying so, a painful punishment will befall those of them who disbelieve. Al-Maida (5):73

They indeed have disbelieved who say, "Lo! Allah is the Messiah, Son of Mary." Say: Who then can do anything against Allah, if he had willed to destroy the Messiah, Son of Mary, and his mother and everyone on earth? Allah’s is the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them. He creates what He wants. And Allah is able to do all things. Al-Maida (5):17,

Surely those who purchase disbelief at the price of faith harm Allah not at all, but theirs will be a painful punishment. Aali ‘Imran (3):177.

QABR: "Grave". Life in the Qabr (the grave) is known as the "Barzakh", the interspace, because it comes between life in this world and life in the next world. The Qabr is know by six names: (1.) Bait-al-Ghurba (House of the Stranger) (2.) Bait-al-Wahda(House of Solitude) (3.) Bait al-Turab (House of Dust). (4.) Bait ad-Dood (House of worms). (5.) Bait al-Fitna (House of Trial). (6.) Bait al-Dhulma (House of Darkness) The grave is experienced as a place of peace and light and space by the Ruh of the Mumin who sees his or her place in the Garden in the Morning and in the evening; and is experienced as a place of torment and darkness and no space by the Ruh of the Kafr who sees his or her place in the Fire in the morning and in the evening. After death there is period of waiting in the grave for the Ruh until the Last Day arrives, when everyone who has ever lived will be brought back to life and gathered together. Their actions will be weighed in the Mizan (the Balance), and everyone will either go to the Garden or the Fire, forever.

QADA WA QADAR: Decree and Destiny. Qada means what Allah has ordained for all the worlds. Qada cannot be changed, for the decree of Allah is final. Qadar is the individual fate or destiny of each one of all His creatures. It also cannot be changed, but may be altered by Allah under circumtances, for "Allah has power over all things". Holy Qur’an, Al-Maidah (5):19.

QADR (AL): "The Power". The night of (Allah’s) power. Surah 97 of the Holy Qur’an.

QADR (LAILATUL): One of the last ten nights of Ramadan. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Qadar (97). See Lailatul-Qadr.

QAF: "Qaf". Surah 50 of the Holy Qur’an.

QAITIM: Straight and clear. Something which has no corners , bends or ambiguity. Something which is straightforward and clear and leads to the Right Path. It refers to the Holy Qur’an. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Kahf (18):2.

QALAM (AL): "The Pen". Surah 68 of the Holy Qur’an.

QALB: The heart, where true knowledge resides. Plural:Qulub.

QAMAR (AL): "The Moon". Surah 54 of the Holy Qur’an.

QARDAN HASANA: "A beautiful loan" (to Allah Ta’ala). Spending in the cause of Allah Ta’ala is described by Allah Ta’ala Himself as "a beautiful loan" because it entails self-denial for the sake of Allah Ta’ala. It is for this reason that Allah has promised a rich reward for those who expand their wealth in His Path. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):245, Al-Hadid (57):11,18.

QAREEN: (1.) One who performs Hajj al-Qiran. See Hajj. (2.) An independent soul that resides inside a person. It is normally a friendly companion who helps the individual, but sometimes gets jealous and cause problems. A male Qareen resides in a male person and a female Qareen in a female. (3.) Companion.

QARI: One who memorizes the Holy Qur’an by heart and constantly recites it. Early religious scholar or teacher. Plural:Qurra.

QARI’A (AL): "The Day of Clamour". Another name for the Day of Resurrection. Surah 101 of the Holy Qur’an.

QARN AL-MANAZIL: The Miqat of the pilgrims travelling through Najd, in Arabia (from the east). See Miqat.

QAROON: Korah. A wealthy Kafir who led a rebellion (of 250 men) against Prophets Musa (Moses) and Haroon (Aaron), peace be on them. As a punishment Allah caused the earth to open and swallow them up along with all that they possessed. See Holy Qur’an. Al-Qasas (28):76-82, Al-Ankabut (29):39.

QASAB: Pipes made of gold, pearls and other precious metals.

QASAMA (AL): The oath taken by fifty men of a tribe or a locality of a person who is being accused of murder, to refute accusations of complicity in unclear cases of homicide.

QASSAS (AL): "The Story". Surah 28 of the Holy Qur’an.

QASWA (AL): The name of the prophet Muhammad’s she-camel, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

QEEL WA QALL: Idle talk.

QIAM: The standing position during Salat.

QIAMA (AL): "The Ressurection". Surah 75 of the Hoily Qur’an.

QIAMUL-LAIL: Standing in prayer during the night.

QIBLAH: Direction in which all Muslims face when praying . Initially the Qiblah was towards al-Qudus (Jerusalem), then Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala ordered the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to face al-Ka’ba in Makka al-Mukarramah. Everyone has a direction in life, but only the Muslims have this Qiblah. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):142-145, 149-150.

QIRADA: Apes. Allah Ta’ala uses this word with regard to some Jews who transgressed the Sabbath and who were transformed apes as a punishment. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):65.

QIRAN (HAJJ AL): "Combined Hajj." Umara, then Hajj, without taking off Ihram. See Hajj. QISSAS: Law of equal retaliation when punishing a person for injuries intentionally inflicted on someone else. See Holy Qur’an, Al-Baqara (2):178-179.

QIYAAS: A type of judgement reached by making analogy. When a judgement cannot be found in the Holy Qur’an or in the Sunnah of Rasoolu’lla, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, or from the ‘Ijma (universal agreement) of the ‘Ulamaa (the people of knowledge from amongst the Muslims), then a Qiyaas is made by comparing the matter being considered to a similar case judged by the Holy Prophet, and thereby arriving at a similar decision, which does not contradict the Qur’an or the Sunnah in any way.

QU’UD: Sitting position during Salat.

QUBAA: A Famous site of the outskirt of Al-madinah al-Munawwara. The Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, established the first Masjid of Islam there. It was named Al-Masjid at-Taqwa (The Masjid of Awe) or Al-Masjid Quwatul-Islam (The Masjid of the Power of Islam). According to one Hadith, the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said visiting this Masjid on Saturday before noon and offering a two-Rak’a Salat there is equal (in reward) to doing an Umra. See Holy Qur’an, At-Taubah (9):107-108.

QULUB: Hearts. Only the remembrance of Allah makes the hearts calm and peaceful.Singular: Qalb.

QUNUT: Supplication in the Salat, particularly in the standing position after Ruku in the Fajr (Dawn) prayer.

QUR’AN: The "Recitation". The Holy Qur’an also called Al-Furqaan, "The discrimination (Between truth and falsehood)". The Final Revelation of Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala Himself (mankind and the Jinn). Allah Subhana wa Ta’ala Himself decreed that it is He who will preserve the Holy Qur’an from any deletion or addition or alteration until the Day of Resurrection. It is generally understood that it is a book meant for the Muslims alone. In fact, it is a book for all mankind and Jinns to follow up to the Day of Judgement, but it has been accepted only by those who have submitted their will (the Muslims) to Allah the Almighty. The people whom the Qur’an is intended to benefit are described in Suratul-Baqara (2):1-5. They are the successful ones, The Holy Qur’an was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, through the Angel Jibreel (the Angel Gabriel), peace be upon him, during a period of twenty-three years. The Holy Qur’an is the greatest of the Last Messenger’s miracle, since he could neither read nor write and had never received any formal education. The Holy Qur’an is the uncreated word of Allah. The Holy Qur’an contains 114 Suwar, composed of 6,616 Ayat, 77, 934 words and 323, 671 letters.

QURRA: One who memorizes the Holy Qur’an by heart and recites it constantly. Early religious scholars teachers. Singular: Qari